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In religious philosophy, the Absolute is the concept of (a form of) Being which transcends limited, conditional, everyday existence. The manifestation of the Absolute has been described as the ''Logos'', Word, the ''Ṛta'' or ''Ratio'' (Latin for "reason"). Related concepts are the Source, Fountain or Well, the Centre, the Monad or One, the All or Whole, the Origin (''Arche'') or Principle or Primordial Cause, the Sacred or Holy or Utterly Other (Otto), the Form of the Good (Plato), the Mystery, Nirvana, the Will, the Ultimate, the Ground or Urground ("Original Ground"). It is sometimes used as an alternate term for the more commonly used God of the Universe, the Divine or the Supreme Being ("Utmost Being"), especially, but by no means exclusively, to express it in less personal and more impersonal representations. The concept of the Absolute may or may not (depending on one's specific doctrine) possess discrete will, intelligence, awareness, or a personal nature. It is sometimes conceived of as the source through which all being emanates. It contrasts with finite things, considered individually, and known collectively as the relative. This is reflected in the name's Latin etymology ''absolūtus'' which means "loosened from" or "unattached" (from a subject-object dualism). ==The Absolute in religious cultures== The Absolute has been known by different names and conceptions in all the major religious cultures of the world, both historically and contemporarily. It was called ''Anu'' or ''Dingir'' among the Sumerians; ''Amun'' ("The Hidden") or ''Netjer'' in the theology of Ancient Egypt; '' *Dyeus Phiter'' ("Luminous Creator") among the early Indo-Europeans and later as ''Deus Pater'', ''Deus Ignotus'' ("Unknowable God") or ''Deus Incognitus'' ("Unconceivable God") in the theology of Ancient Rome and other Indo-European branches; ''Zeus'' or ''Deos'' in Greek religion, and as an abstract concept the ''Arche'' (Origin), ''to En'' (the One) or the Monad in Hellenistic philosophy. The human vital essence - soul, spirit, spark of awareness and stories is said to have originally derived in each case from the Absolute and to be indestructible after the nature of the Absolute, and to be capable of returning to it. The general commonalities between the various versions of the Absolute are: infinity, indescribability, formlessness, transcendence and immanence. An additional commonality is that man must renounce and/or transcend physical existence and its distractions, in some cases even to the point of extinguishing identity and individual awareness, in order to understand or co-exist with the Absolute. Uniformly, human passions and vices are regarded as barriers to spiritual advancement, and such virtues as humility, charity and righteousness are felt to help pave the way to enlightenment. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Absolute (philosophy)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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